In-game reset:
Hold L1 + L2 + R1 + R2 + Select + Start during game play.
Black Jack mini-game:
Successfully complete the game normally and allow the credits to finish. Press
R2, L1, R2, R2, Up, X, Right, Circle, Down, Triangle, L2, R1, R2, L1, Square(2)
at "The End" screen. A sound of an item being used will confirm correct code
entry. Press Start to play the Black Jack mini-game.
Jump rope mini-game:
Have Vivi approach the girls jumping rope near the ticket both in Alexandria.
Talk to them and they will let Vivi join them. Press X when the symbol appears
over Vivi's head to jump. Keep jumping successfully to get Gil, rare cards, and
other items:
20: 10 Gil
50: Cactaur card
100: Genji card
200: Alexandria card
300: Tiger Racket card
1000: King Of Jump Rope (key item)
Two player battle:
Go to the main menu, select "Battle Control", highlight "Custom", and press X. A
screen featuring all the characters that you have and some controllers will
appear. Move a controller to the second slot for the person that you want player
two to control.
Other endings:
End the game with the "Zeus Hammer" and/or the "Save The Queen" in your
inventory to get additional endings.
Unlimited MP:
Have Amarant in your party and make sure he has learned the Chakra skill. Also,
the minimum MP needed for this trick to work is 4 MP. Enter a battle and have
Amarant cast Chakra on himself. For 4 MP, he will restore MP equivalent to about
20% of his maximum MP. Continually cast it until you get reached your maximum
MP. Since you can do this to other characters in the party as well, you can end
up will everyone with maximum MP.
Easy AP:
Walk around in the darkness for awhile in the field and forests around the town
that has the auction house and lady who collects the zodiac signs. You will
encounter a ghost. Give it some ore and you will win the battle, resulting in 10
AP.
Go to the forest west of the mountain path when going to the Lifa Tree. It is
the only forest there. Walk around in the forest until you encounter a friendly
monster called "Ladybug". Give it some Ore and it will reward you with 30 AP.
Easy experience:
Use Quina's level 5 Death spell against the level 60 Grand Dragons on the
outside of Gizamalike's Grotto for around 8800 experience per person. Equip the
quick level gain support ability (level up) for even more. Also, remember to
take Coral Rings to protect against the Dragon's Thundaga spell.
Find a Dracozombie. In Disc 4, you can find then on the small green patches of
land near the Ipsen's Castle on the world map. You must have Zidane, Dagger or
Eiko, Amarant, or Quina in the battle against Dracozombie (you can use others
character if you needed). Have Dagger or Eiko use the Silence ability on
Dracozombie, because it can cast the Lv 5 Death spell. Keep defending until all
your characters are affected with the Zombie spell, then kill it. Use Magic Tag
to cure the character that you want to level up quickly. Equip the Quick Level
Gain support ability (Level Up) to make your character get more experience. You
must disable the Auto-Regen and Auto-potion support ability on every character
which is affected by the Zombie spell. You cannot use items to cure or use spell
such as Cure, Cura, Curaga and White Wind on the affected character. Amarant's
Chakra skill is essential, since it still works on the affected character.
When you finish beating the plant brain, right after you go out the door stay in
the same location. Do not move and the creatures well keep appearing. They are
easy to defeat and give a decent amount of EXP and AP.
Fight the monster called Yan or Chimera. When you fight this monster, keep
defending until it drops or bites your party member and gives them viruses. Cure
the person that you want to level up. Then fight a monster that has a lot of
experience such as Grand Dragon, Iron Man, Vepal or Worm Hydra. Fight until the
party member that was cured from the virus levels up.
Once you are on Disc 4 and have the Invincible Airship or a Gold Chocobo, go to
the island southwest of the Iifa Tree. It is a long, thin island with a mountain
and a forest. On this island (called Vile Island), you will fight enemies called
Yan in mostly groups of three. These enemies are extremely difficult, but each
group of three will give each character 28,000 EXP (more if a character is
"snorted" off the screen or killed). To survive these battles, try to have all
your characters equipped with Auto-Reflect, Auto-Haste, and make their
Magic-Defense as high as possible. Note: If these creatures "snort" all your
characters off the screen, the game will end. Make sure you have a lot of Tents,
Vaccines (to counteract Virus Powder), and save between battles. Note: This is
the same island to find the final friendly monster, the Friendly Yan, in the
forest.
During the fight against the masked man, steal the Mage Masher. At the opera
scene, keep encoring with a high score and get a few thousand Gil. After the
opera ship crashes, fight in the first area that you can do so, and steal every
fight for a Potion or High Potion. Use these to heal when critical. Repeat this
until you gain a few levels it will pay off.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hint: Ragtime Mouse:
If you find the Ragtime Mouse (it resides in wooded areas) and properly answer
its questions, you can earn some extra Gil. Answer by choosing either "True" nor
"False." The mouse will then give you Gil in return for each correct answer, as
well as keep track of your percentages. Some locations the Ragtime Mouse have
been known to inhabit include Gunitas Basin, Lindblum Plateau, Bentini Heights,
Lucid Plains, Pualei Plains, and Alexandria Plateau. The rewards for correct
answers in a row are:
Question 1: 1,000 Gil
Question 2: 1,000 Gil
Question 3: 1,000 Gil
Question 4: 2,000 Gil
Question 5: 2,000 Gil
Question 6: 3,000 Gil
Question 7: 3,000 Gil
Question 8: 4,000 Gil
Question 9: 4,000 Gil
Questions 10: 5,000 Gil
Some questions the Ragtime Mouse have been known to ask include:
The 15th Lindblum War started in 1600? (False)
Chocobo Forest is located between Lindblum and South Gate (False)
The Theather Ship Prima Vista was built in Artania Shipyards (False)
"I Want to Be Your Canary" was written by Lord Afon (False)
Lindblum Castle is larger than Alexandria Castle (True)
Lindblum's air cabs operate around the clock (True)
Some Mus are friendly and don't attack (True)
Berkmea Cable Cars have been running for eight years (True)
Fossil Roo is a tunnel that connects Treno and Alexandria (False)
Theater Ship Prima Vista uses Mist as its source of energy (True)
Hint: Stallazio coin locations:
Dali windmill.
Behind item shop in Treno.
At entrance to Treno, throw Gil in fountain 13 times.
Beside an overturned cart near the entrance to Burmecia.
Near Netune statue in Alexandria,
Black Mage Village Inn.
The right side of the fountain in Maiden Sari.
Below the HP/MP restoring spring in Qu's Marsh.
Left of the pickle cart in Lindblum.
Water right of the entrance to Daguerro.
The right chest at Ipson's Castle.
Chest inside the Invincible.
Below the HP/MP restoring spring (same as the eight coin).
Hint: Defeating the Lifa Tree:
When fighting the Lifa Tree, simply cast "Life" on it and it will die instantly.
It is an "undead" creature, so "Life" is essentially "Death".
At the battle of the Lifa Tree, there is an easy way to make it through this
area with very little effort with the Stroupers (the little tree-like
creatures). Use Soft on them. Because they are made of stone, they will become
too soft to live. This trick also works at Ispen Castle against the Gargoyles
and the Epithats. Use Life against Dracozombies -- Phoenix Down has no effect.
You can use Life or Phoenix Down against Zombies. Against the Soulcage and the
bottom of the Lifa Tree, have Eiko or Dagger cast Life upon it to win instantly.
Also, do not throw away any of your weapons. They will be needed at Ispen
Castle, where your strongest weapon will do the least amount of damage and vice
versa. At that location, Zidane's Angel Bliss and Dagger will do the most
damage.
Hint: Defeating Ozma:
If you encountered all the spirits in Gaia and satisfied their requests go to
Chocobo Aerial Garden (you will need a Gold Chocobo and a Dead Pepper). Examine
the stone on the second platform and choose the third option, then the first
option to fight Ozma. To defeat Ozma, put Zidane, Dagger, Quina and Eiko in your
party. Have Quina use Magic Hammer three or four times to steal all Ozma's Magic
Points -- from now on it cannot use any spells. Then, have Zidane and Quina
attack and Dagger and Eiko heal (do not use summons, you need a large amount of
MP in this battle). With some of patience (an half of an hour if you are lucky),
you should defeat Ozma.
Have Zidane, Dagger, Steiner, and Quina in your party. Equip all character with
armor that protects against or absorbs Shadow damage before the battle. Make
sure Quina and Steiner have plenty of MP, and it is preferable that Zidane has
the Long Reach ability. First, have Quina use Magic Hammer about four to five
times while Steiner is using Shock. Then, if Zidane has the Long Reach ability,
attack; or if he goes into Trance use Grand Lethal. Use Dagger to heal using
Cura or Curaga when necessary and you should come out of the battle unhindered.
Use a party that consists of Zidane, Freya, Steiner, and EIko. Next, equip armor
that dodges shadow, Zidane with the Ultima Weapon, Freya with the Dragons Hair
(obtained in the Choco Quest). and Steiner with the Ragnorak (also obtained in
the Choco Quest) As the battle begins, have Eiko cast Reflect on everyone and
have Freya and Steiner attack with DragonCrest and Shoch, respectively. Reflect
will bounce back all of Ozma's magic attacks, including the dreaded Curse. Note:
The same tactic also works on Hades, Kuja, and the final Boss.
Hint: Defeating Steiner:
For battle one, Cinna should steal on every turn. Attack with Zidane and Blank
only. For battle two, have Vivi cast Fire. Use the rest to attack him. For
battle 3, yse the same strategy as battle two. Steal with Vivi and have him cast
Fire.
Hint: Defeating the Soul of the Ancient Tree of Life:
When fighting the Soul of the Ancient Tree of Life, never use a Fire spell. If
this is done, it will counter-attack your entire party with this Fire magic or
do an attack that can deal over 700 HP of damage. Sometimes he may even use it
two times in a row that can immediately end the game. Instead, use others spells
such as Ice 2 or Bolt 2, which can do some very heavy damage on him.
Hint: Defeating undead creatures:
When battling a creature of the undead type, use an anti-KO item and it will
instantly "kill" them.
Hint: Defeating stone creatures:
Use a Soft on stone enemies, such as Gargoyle, to instantly kill them. This
trick will not work well with the spell Stona.
Hint: Defeating Bosses:
Have Vivi learn Reflect x 2 and Eiko use Carbunkle or Dagger use Reflect on
everyone. Then have Vivi chant the strongest spell available and it will always
do 9999 damage on any Boss.
Hint: Gilgamish:
Once you have completed the Chocobo side quest and found all of the treasures,
go to Daguerreo. Talk to the four-armed man. He should say something about an
"S-Rank" and run off. Follow him and talk to him again. He should give you the
S-Rank Medal, and reveal his true self (Gilgamish).
Hint: Quadruple magic attack:
When you get a reflect ring, have the four characters you regularly have in your
party with learn "Auto Reflect". When they all have it turned on, cast a
reflective party spell, such as Bio or any of the elements, at yourself, This
will effectively quadruple the power of the spell on a single target. However,
this is only helpful for lower levels and is virtually useless if you have great
spells.
Hint: 9999 damage with Atomost:
The formula For Dagger's summon Atomost is as follows:
Full Animation: (30+ Party's number of Amethysts)% of enemies HP.
Short Animation: 2/3 of Full Animation formula.
For example, if you have 70 Amethysts, it takes 100% of the enemies HP off, with
a limit of 9,999. This means an enemy with 12,000 health will lose 9,999. This
is useful while training against Yans, Grand Dragons, and other difficult
enemies.
Hint: Change Airship altitude:
Put the Airship on auto-pilot, then press Up or Down to change its altitude
while flying to your destination.
Hint: Early Lowell Autograph:
After seeing the Lowell Fans rant over him at his theater, go directly to the
Artists House in the Theater District and talk to Lowell. He will ask you not to
tell anyone, and give you an autograph (key item).
Hint: Cargo ship model:
Mr.Morrid's coffees can be found at the following locations. Give all three to
Mr. Morrid to get the cargo ship model (key item).
Moccha coffee: Near the entrance of south gate.
Kirman coffee: On Eiko's back porch in Madin Sari.
Burman coffee: Get to the treasure chest in the windmill in Dali Village. You
will get 30,000 Gil. Check the chest again to find the Burman coffee.
Hint: Excalibur:
Buy the Magic Fingertip from the auction house and go to Duguerro. Give it to
the old man that was looking for a book about Edions. He will give you
Excalibur.
Hint: Excalibur 2:
Get to Memoria within 12 game hours to receive the Excalibur 2. You can learn
Climhazzard with this.
Hint: Early Grand Dragon:
When you first go to Gizamaluke's Grotto on Disc 1, notice the ladder to the
outside in the room with the Moogle couple. Once outside, it leads to an area
with a fight involving a Grand Dragon, which definitely increases your level.
Hint: Early Iron Sword:
While Fighting Baku in the destroyed Prima Vista, steal a Broadsword and defeat
him. When you defeat the Plant Brain in Evil Forest and get Blank in you party,
go to Equip on Blank and trade the stolen Broadsword for Blank's Iron Sword.
Equip Steiner with it.
When fighting the plant-thing that captures Vivi, steal from it. You will
eventually get an Iron Sword. When you get Steiner in your party, equip him with
it.
Hint: Early Mythril Dagger:
When Fighting the Masked Baku, Steal from him. You will eventually get the
Mythril Dagger.
Hint: Early Ruby:
When you are answering Baku, say "That's when I capture Queen Brahnne, Right" 64
times. Ruby will storm in.
Hint: Early Quina:
On Disc 1 when you are playing as Steiner in Alexandria castle rounding up the
Pluto Knights, go downstairs in the main hall (with a painting of Queen Brane on
the stairs). Go through the door on the left, then take the next door also on
the left to reach a kitchen. Walk over to the cooking pots to see Quina. When
you address her however, it only shows the name as "Head Chef". You cannot get
Quina in your team until after your first visit to Lindblum, even if you see her
in Alexandria.
Hint: Quan's Dwelling:
Go to Quan's Dwelling with Quina in your party in Disc 4. Go to the room after
the cave and Quina, Vivi, and Quina's master will meet Vivi's grandfather (that
died).
If you have a Chocobo and some Dead Peppers you can go to Quan's Dwelling and go
to the room that is outside. Go to the edge and a "?" will appear over Zidane's
head. He will say that he sees foam in the water. It will automatically put you
on the world map if you agree with Zidane. Press Triangle and feed the Chocobo
the Dead Pepper. It will jump into the water and find a sunken treasure chest.
It contains some ores and a Red Rose card. Red Rose is the ship Beatrix is in
when you go to the Lifa Tree on Disc 4.
Go to the room in Quan's Dwelling and check the clock. A "!" will appear. Inside
the clock are Running Shoes.
Hint: Eiko: Summons skills:
Eiko has only four Eidolons to summon. but if you equip those items on her, you
can use different skills.
Eidolon Item equipped Result Effect
Carbuncle Moonstone Pearl Light Cast Shell on all ally
Carbuncle Emerald Emerald Light Cast Haste on all ally
Carbuncle Diamond Diamond Light Cast Vanish on all ally
Fenrir Maiden Prayer Millennial Decay Wind Elemental attack
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hint: Freya: Countering Death Sentence or Gradual Petrify:
If an enemy casts Gradual Petrify or Death Sentence on Freya, have her use Jump
until the end of the battle. Jump will stop the countdown from the time she
jumps until the time she lands.
Hint: Steiner: Peeking:
When you reach Alexandrian territory as Steiner, he will be carrying a bag of
rotten stuff. That is actually Dagger. When he goes to the corner of the alley,
she will think of changing into her costume while he is looking forward. You
will get an option for about five seconds to either keep looking or go to the
other side. Within those five seconds, if you have good reflexes, you can also
choose to look the other way.
Hint: Vivi: Chased by monster:
Defeat most of the monsters of Lindblum during the Festival Of The Hunt and go
to the Business Center. You will see Vivi being chased by a very weak monster.
Hint: Vivi: Stronger MAGIC with Carbuncle:
Summon Carbuncle and then cast Fira or something reflectable. Usualy Vivi's Fira
will do 500 damage. With everyone with reflect it will do 2000 and so on.
Hint: Zidane: Easy kills early in game:
Get the beast/bird/dragon/etc. killer. When you go to Lindblum the first time,
you will probably have a Mage Masher. Go to the weapons shop and instead of
buying the Mythril Dagger, purchase another Mage Masher. Go to the synthesis
shop there and get an Ogre Sword. Equipping the killer with the Ogre Sword for
Zidane can be lethal (about 400 to 700 for critical hits) until Disc 1 is
passed.
Hint: Winning the Festival of the Hunt:
If you want Zidane to win the Festival of the Hunt, make sure to equip him with
The Ogre. One hit should be enough to kill any monster in town. First, go to the
end of the Theater District, wait in front of the barrels for a moment, then
kill the Fang that appears. Next, go to the Business District and go north. Kill
the Fang on the left side of the screen, then head down the right-hand path. You
should see the Zaghnol. If not, exit and re-enter until it appears. When you go
to kill it, Freya should appear to help you. Use her jump skill and have Zidane
attack. If Zidane kills the Zaghnol, he will be catapulted into the lead. After
winning, you will receive 5000 Gil.
If you want Freya to win, just kill Zidane. She will receive a Coral Ring.
If you want Vivi to win, follow these instructions exactly. As soon as you step
off the tram, immediately get back on and head to the Business District. Head
north, fighting as few monsters as possible, and take the left path into the
church area. Kill the Fang that is there, then head back out. Vivi should run
by, chased by a Fang. Kill the Fang that is chasing Vivi, then head to the
right-hand path, where the Zaghnol is located. When you fight the Zaghnol, just
have Zidane and Freya kill each other. With luck, Vivi should win the Festival
and get a Theater Ship card.
Hint: Alexandria card:
Wait until Alexandria is destroyed by Invincible (the big eye in the sky) at the
start of Disc 3. Go to the center of the town and press Square to challenge the
little girl who is chasing the boy. She will say "Here, I found this card in the
rubble. You can have it." She will give you the card.
Hint: Lindblum card:
After Lindblum is attacked in Disc 2, go north of the inn until you enter
another screen. Go to the wreckage that blocks the path to the north. The
Lindblum card will be lying around in that area.
Hint: Namingway card:
At the Treno Card Tournament in Disc 3, view all of the ATEs. When Vivi is
trying to decide whether or not to head home, tell him not to. The next ATE with
Vivi in it will show Mario getting a Namingway Card. In the second round of the
tournament, you will face Mario, and he should have multiple (probably two or
three) Namingway Cards along with other cards. Defeat him to receive a Namingway
Card before Kuja's Palace.
Hint: Oglop card:
It is possible, though not easy, to get an Oglop card as early as Disc 2. On the
mountain path from Conde Petite to Madain Sari, there are little yellow-orange
spots running around. Those are Mountain Oglops. Catch one by pressing X (no !
or ? will appear, just keep pressing the button) and give it to the dwarf
outside the item shop in Conde Petite (the male one, Brian Rootrunner). He will
give you an Oglop card.
Hint: Ramuh and Shiva cards:
When you start Disc 3, go to the church with the bell and the Save Mog. Save, go
onto the ladder, and pull the rope. You will get a Goblin, Fang, Ramuh, and
Shiva cards.
Hint: Card battle with Phantoms:
In Memoria, whenever you see an exclamation point pop up, press Square to have a
card battle with Phantoms, who have a lot of rare cards. The battles are fairly
easy, using weak cards such as Flan or Ironites.
Hint: Card symbols:
Each card has a letter in its symbol at the bottom -- this is either an M, P, or
X. M stands for Magic, P for Physical, and X for a special rare type. When
battling cards, always attack Ms with Ps and vice versa. This will give you a
greater chance for winning. Only use an X card to attack; if you use it to
defend, you will almost always lose.
The first number is the attack power of the card. If the card is an M, it
attacks the third number, if it is a P, it attacks the fourth. X may attack the
weakest of the third and fourth numbers. Attack and defense power is
0123456789ABCDE (0 is lowest, E is highest). For example, if you had card BM06
and your opponent had card AP07, you would more than likely win. All of this
information is available in the south of the shop in Dali on Disc 4.
Hint: Changing names:
You must have the Namingway card. Go to Daguerreo and go to the inn. There is a
ladder behind the library. Descend and go left. Talk to the man on the left and
he will offer you to change your names if you just show him the Namingway card.
Hint: Easy Gil:
Win items in the Chocobo Hot & Cold game, then sell them.
When you get a key item at the auction, look for someone who wants to buy it.
When they ask you if you will sell it to them, answer "No". They should say
"Fine" and pay you more Gil. Note. You can only do this once per person.
Hint: Finding items and Gil:
Whenever there is an explanation point (!) over the character's head, there is
usually items or Gil.
Hint: 13th Zodiac coin:
After you find all 12 Zodiac coins and bring them to the Queen in Treno, she
will say that it feels like there is something missing. Agree with her, and she
will send you on a quest to find the 13th Zodiac coin. You can find this coin in
Quan's Dwelling at the same location that you found the Scorpio Zodiac coin.
Bring it back to her. She will thank you and give you a "hammer" to help
synthesize special weapons and items.
Hint: Second Pedriot:
You can get a second Pedriot if you defeat the Grithen at Fossle Roo near the
man that gives you directions.
Hint: AP from ladybug:
After you have found the ghost outside of Treno which gives you 10 AP, it says
something about thanking a ladybug. The ladybug is outside of the Mage village
near the forest area. The ladybug will ask you for some ores. Give the ores to
the ladybug and she will say something about a Yeti, and give you 10 AP.
Hint: Hidden monster in book:
On Disc 3 in Alexandria, you have to search for Eiko and Garnet (on the Eidion)
inside the castle. Before you walk up the tower to save her, make sure you go to
the castle's library. On the third shelf you can see a book. When the "?"
appears above Zidane's head, you will have two choices - Listen or Ignore.
Choose "Listen" and the book will respond "Challenge me if you dare". Challenge
it and you can steal a few good items including Elixer, Silver Fork, Devil Mail,
and Ether. The book is not the actual enemy -- there is a creature hidden in one
of the pages. After every hit the book changes pages with the monster hiding in
one of them randomly. This is when you are supposed to attack him with a strong
attack, and he will hide again.
Hint: See Amarant's full face:
To see Amarant's full face, defeat him at Madain Sari. When he is shown giving
up, the view will pan from the ground looking upwards at Amarant's face.
Hint: Saved game Moogle:
When at the load or save menu, press Select to make the Moogle appear. The
Moogle will tell you the levels of all four possible characters, as well as HP
status.
Hint: Cloud and Squall reference:
After you complete the game with either ending, you will watch part of a play.
The line "Neither Cloud nor Squall shall stop me." can be seen.
Hint: Cloud reference:
In Lindblum's weapon shop, Zidane will get a (!) over his head and mention
something about a guy with spiky hair that had a sword just like the one on the
wall.
Hint: Kain's Lance reference:
In Memoria on Disc 4, go past the save spot at the entrance and head for the
door. Before you reach it, stick to the right against the wall. You will go in
and find Kain's Lance. This Lance belongs to Kain from Final Fantasy 2.
A powerful weapon sealed in Memoria, owned by Cain/Kain, the Dragon Knight of
Baron. It is the seconnd strongest weapon for Freya.
Hint: Water Shrine reference:
This is also known as the Tower of Waltz. It sank into the ocean long time ago
when the evil forces destroyed the Water Crystal.
Hint: Holy Lance reference:
You can steal the Holy Lance from Ark in Oeilvert or simply buy it in Daguerreo.
This was the ultimate weapon for Cain/Kain, in Final Fantasy 4. It was sealed in
the underground of the Second Moon. It can be used by Freya.
Hint: Reis Wind reference:
This is the econd ability of Freya. Reis was the ancient Holy Dragon. This type
of dragon can assume the shape of a human, like in Final Fantasy Tactics (human
form but it is a dragon).
Hint: Parasite Eve gunsmiths reference:
When you go to the Synth Shop in Lindblum, there are two men there. One's name
is Torres and the other is named Wayne. These two names are the names of the two
gunsmiths in Parasite Eve.
Hint: Final Fantasy 3 King Edgar reference:
In the area on the World Map just outside Chocobo's Forest, go onto the menu. It
will state that this area is called the "King Ed Plains".
Hint: Final Fantasy 3 music:
Buy Une's mirror and Doga artifact at the Treno Auction House. Go to the Black
Mage Village. Enter the inn and talk to the Black Mage in front of the music
box. You will hear a very old song until you stay in the village.
Hint: Final Fantasy 7 music:
After you crash the airship into the evil woods at the start of the game, go
inside to hear a band play the music from Final Fantasy 7, during the parade for
Rufus. This is the Active Time Event called "Orchestra in the Forest".
Wait about ten seconds after dying to hear music from Final Fantasy 7.
Glitch: Walk through people:
Keep on running into someone (except for people guarding an exit or unexplorable
area) for two seconds to walk through them.
